Remember that being interested in children’s ideas is a key to talking math with them. I did her no harm asking What is five less than four? I didn’t expect her to be able to say negative one, but I was curious about what she would say. There is plenty of time for her to learn about negative numbers. She hasn’t developed the rule that any number minus itself is zero, although this conversation could certainly go that direction by asking about three less than three salami slices and five less than five salami slices, etc. When I ask her what four less than four is, she comfortably answers zero. Note Tabitha’s comfort with zero as a number. She has already imagined the slices so they are available as a tool. When I ask her What would two less be? I am offering here the opportunity to think in terms of salami slices, or to just think about numbers. The second important strategy is the What if? questioning style here. It’s an easy move to ask her how many slices she wants, and then to compare that to the number of slices we actually have. I could have just given her a few pieces of salami, but that’s a lost opportunity. She asked for salami to eat while waited for the main part of her lunch. The first is turning Tabitha’s request for salami into a situation that involves numbers. Me: (Giving Tabitha the remaining salami slices) So if three slices is one less than four, what would two less be? Me: I’m sorry to say, we only have three. She asked for some salami while she waited. It was one of her favorites- salami quesadilla (house specialty). The standards also lay out a vision of what it means to be a literate person who is prepared for success in the 21 st century.I was making lunch for Tabitha (who had just turned 5) one day. Students will learn to use cogent reasoning and evidence collection skills that are essential for success in college, career, and life. They include critical-thinking skills and the ability to closely and attentively read texts in a way that will help them understand and enjoy complex works of literature. The skills and knowledge captured in the ELA/literacy standards are designed to prepare students for life outside the classroom. States determine how to incorporate these standards into their existing standards for those subjects or adopt them as content area literacy standards. It is important to note that the grade 6–12 literacy standards in history/social studies, science, and technical subjects are meant to supplement content standards in those areas, not replace them. Beginning in grade 6, the literacy standards allow teachers of ELA, history/social studies, science, and technical subjects to use their content area expertise to help students meet the particular challenges of reading, writing, speaking, listening, and language in their respective fields. The College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards form the backbone of the ELA/literacy standards by articulating core knowledge and skills, while grade-specific standards provide additional specificity. Because students must learn to read, write, speak, listen, and use language effectively in a variety of content areas, the standards promote the literacy skills and concepts required for college and career readiness in multiple disciplines. The standards establish guidelines for English language arts (ELA) as well as for literacy in history/social studies, science, and technical subjects. This stresses critical-thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills that are required for success in college, career, and life. Students will be challenged and asked questions that push them to refer back to what they’ve read. The Common Core asks students to read stories and literature, as well as more complex texts that provide facts and background knowledge in areas such as science and social studies. The Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects (“the standards”) represent the next generation of K–12 standards designed to prepare all students for success in college, career, and life by the time they graduate from high school.
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